As per available reports about 40 relevant journals, 30 Conferences, 562 workshops are presently dedicated exclusively to breathing disorder and about 778 articles are being published on Infectious Diseases.

Chlamydia Trachomatis, an obligate intracellular human pathogen, is one of four bacterial species in the genus Chlamydia. C. trachomatis is a gram negative bacterium, therefore its cell wall components retain the counter-stain safranin and appear pink under a light microscope. It can appear as either coccoid or rod shape. The inclusion bodies of Chlamydia trachomatis were first described in 1942; the Chlamydia trachomatis agent was first cultured in the yolk sacs of eggs by Professor Feifan in 1957. C. trachomatis is an obligate intracellular pathogen (i.e., the bacterium lives within human cells) and can cause numerous disease states in both men and women. Both sexes can display urethritis, proctitis (rectal disease and bleeding), trachoma, and infertility. The bacterium can cause prostatitis and epididymitis in men. In women, cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ectopic pregnancy, and acute or chronic pelvic pain are frequent complications. Neonates born to infected mothers are also susceptible to infections of the eye (conjunctivitis) and lung.

OMICS International Organizes 1000+ Global Events Every Year across USA, Europe & Asia with support from 1000 more scientific societies and Publishes 700+ Open access journals which contains over 100000 eminent personalities, reputed scientists as editorial board and organizing committee members. The conference series website will provide you list and details about the conference organize worldwide.

Scope and Importance

C. Trachomatis is the single most important infectious agent associated with blindness (trachoma); approximately 84 million worldwide suffer C. trachomatis eye infections and 8 million are blinded as a result of the infection. Chlamydiae have the ability to establish long-term associations with host cells. When an infected host cell is starved for various nutrients such as amino acids (for example, tryptophan), iron, or vitamins, this has a negative consequence for Chlamydiae since the organism is dependent on the host cell for these nutrients. Long-term cohort studies indicate that approximately 50% of those infected clear within a year, 80% within two years, and 90% within three years. The starved chlamydiae enter a persistent growth state wherein they stop cell division and become morphologically aberrant by increasing in size. Persistent organisms remain viable as they are capable of returning to a normal growth state once conditions in the host cell improve. There is much debate as to whether persistence has in vivo relevance. Many believe that persistent chlamydiae are the cause of chronic chlamydial diseases. Some antibiotics such as β-lactams can also induce a persistent-like growth state, which can contribute to the chronicity of chlamydial diseases. The diagnosis of genital chlamydial infections evolved rapidly from the 1990s through 2006. Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT), such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), transcription mediated amplification (TMA) and the DNA strand displacement amplification (SDA) now are the mainstays. NAAT for chlamydia may be performed on swab specimens sampled from the cervix (women) or urethra (men) on self-collected vaginal swabs or on voided urine.

NAAT has been estimated to have a sensitivity of approximately 90% and a specificity of approximately 99%, regardless of sampling from a cervical swab or by urine specimen. In women seeking an STI clinic and a urine test is negative, a subsequent cervical swab has been estimated to be positive in approximately 2% of the time. At present, the NAATs have regulatory approval only for testing urogenital specimens, although rapidly evolving research indicates that they may give reliable results on rectal specimens. Because of improved test accuracy, ease of specimen management, convenience in specimen management, and ease of screening sexually active men and women, the NAATs have largely replaced culture, the historic gold standard for chlamydia diagnosis, and the non-amplified probe tests. The latter test is relatively insensitive, successfully detecting only 60–80% of infections in asymptomatic women, and often giving falsely positive results. Culture remains useful in selected circumstances and is currently the only assay approved for testing non genital specimens.

Market Analysis

Infectious diseases therapeutic market

The infectious diseases therapeutic market in US is estimated to grow at a rate of 3.37% between 2014- 2019. As per the records, 25% of deaths are mainly due to infectious diseases globally. Current market trend shows that North America has the more global market for infectious diseases therapeutics due to increasing incidence of infectious diseases and due to rise in aging population. Followed by North America highest global market is expected in Asia then followed by the Europe in the global infectious diseases therapeutics market. In Asia-Pacific region, China and India are expected to be the fastest growing infectious diseases therapeutics markets. The main reasons behind the highest global market of infectious diseases therapeutics market in the above countries is mainly due to large number of patients and due to increase in government funding. Some of the major companies playing a key role in the global infectious diseases therapeutics market are Merck & Co., Pfizer, Johnson & Johnson, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceutical, Inc., Auritec Pharmaceuticals, Novartis, Achillion Pharmaceuticals, Isis Pharmaceuticals and Gilead Sciences.

Infectious diseases diagnostics market

Market for infectious disease molecular diagnostics tests includes hospitals, blood banks, reference laboratories. North America has the highest global market for molecular diagnostics tests followed by Europe due to the market availability of the tests and high occurrence rate of various infectious diseases such as HPV, hepatitis and bacterial infections. Asia Pacific, Latin America and Middle East are expected to be the potential markets in the coming years. Major companies which play a key role in infectious disease molecular diagnostics tests market are Abbott Laboratories, Affymetrix, Inc., Becton, Dickinson and Company, bioMérieux, Cepheid, Inc., Hologic, Inc., Life Technologies, Myriad Genetics, Inc., Qiagen N.V. and others.