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OMICS International hosted 1 national symposium on Key word Medicines for HIV
Medicines for HIV and AIDS are used to decrease the amount of HIV in the body and to strengthen the immune system. HIV is treated using a combination of medicines to fight HIV infection. This is called antiretroviral therapy (ART). ART isn’t a cure, but it can control the virus so that you can live a longer, healthier life and reduce the risk of transmitting HIV to others. ART involves taking a combination of HIV medicines (called an HIV regimen) every day, exactly as prescribed.
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IV virus is from a subgroup of retro virus called lentivirus. There are two types of HIV virus discovered and they both cause 'Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome'. AIDS is a condition where one's immune system starts to degrade with time causing other infectious diseases and cancer to prevail in the body. AIDS is life threatening and the average survival duration without treatment would be 9-11 years after infection. HIV is transferred from one person to another by exchange of body fluids which includes transfer of blood, semen, vaginal fluid, pre-ejaculate, or breast milk. HIV infects vital cells in the human immune system. It attacks helper T cells (specifically CD4+ T cells), macrophages, and dendritic cells. HIV infection eventually leads to very low levels of CD4+ T cells. As the CD4+ T cell numbers decline below a critical level, cell-mediated immunity is lost, and then the body becomes progressively more and more susceptible to opportunistic infections. Medications for HIV or AIDS are used to reduce the quantity of HIV in the body and to strengthen up the immune system. There are six types of HIV medications. Most commonly, three different types are taken together, also known as combination therapy. It is very essential to take them exactly as prescribed to maintain success, and to help to prevent the virus from becoming resistant to the medicines. These medicines are usually consumed for the entire lifetime.
There are five major types of medicines: Reverse transcriptase inhibitors - abacavir, didanosine, emtricitabine, lamivudine, stavudine, and tenofovir, Protease inhibitors - atazanavir, darunavir, fosamprenavir, indinavir, lopinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, and tipranavir, Integrase inhibitors – raltegravir, Fusion inhibitors – enfuvirtide and CCR5 antagonists - maraviroc.
These medicines do no cure people the infection is still there in the body. They can still spread HIV to others through unprotected sex and needle sharing. According to the recent research in the field of medicine the first complete treatment for AIDS that is taken once a day as a single pill is expected to be available soon. The new drug is a combination of drugs already on the market — Sustiva, by Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Truvada, by Gilead Sciences. HIV statistics for the end of 2011 indicate that around 34 million people are living with HIV. Each year around 2.5 million more people become infected with HIV and 1.7 million die of AIDS. Although HIV and AIDS are found in all parts of the world, some areas are more afflicted than others.
Sales of antiretroviral drugs in America and the five biggest European markets reached $13.3 billion in 2011, according to Datamonitor, a research outfit (see chart 2). The market is as unusual as it is large, both buoyed by government support and worryingly dependent on it. The past decade has brought fancier medicine in rich countries and copious aid for poor ones. But the war is far from won.Publicly funded research has played a larger role in developing drugs for HIV than for other diseases. A study published last year in Health Affairs found that HIV drugs were three times as likely to involve a patent from the public sector. HIV also has special status among regulators. America's Food and Drug Administration (FDA) created a faster way to review HIV drugs, allowing them on the market before the most expensive stage of clinical trials.
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This page was last updated on November 22, 2024
