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In medicine, a biomarker is a measurable indicator of the severity or presence of some disease state. More generally a biomarker is anything that can be used as an indicator of a particular disease, or with the susceptibility of the disease to a given treatment. Biomarkers can be characteristic biological properties or molecules that can be detected and measured in parts of the body like the blood or tissue. They may indicate either normal or diseased processes in the body. Biomarkers can be specific cells, molecules, or genes, gene products, enzymes, or hormones. Complex organ functions or general characteristic changes in biological structures can also serve as biomarkers. Although the term biomarker is relatively new, biomarkers have been used in pre-clinical research and clinical diagnosis for a considerable time. For example, body temperature is a well-known biomarker for fever. Blood pressure is used to determine the risk of stroke. It is also widely known that cholesterol values are a biomarker and risk indicator for coronary and vascular disease, and that C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker for inflammation.
Biomarker in Medicine is a substance used as an indicator of a biologic state. A biomarker indicates a change in expression or state of a protein that correlates with the risk or progression of a disease, or with the susceptibility of the disease to a given treatment. Biomarkers can be characteristic biological properties or molecules that can be detected and measured in parts of the body like the blood or tissue. They may indicate either normal or diseased processes in the body. A biomarker is a substance that is introduced into an organism as a means to examine organ function or other aspects of health. In medicine, a biomarker is a measurable indicator of the severity or presence of some disease state.
More generally a biomarker is anything that can be used as an indicator of a particular disease state or some other physiological state of an organism. Detection of biomarker can be Quantitative & Qualitative which will be a link between quantity of the marker and disease & a link between exist of a marker and disease respectively. e.g. Rubidium chloride is used in isotopic labeling to evaluate perfusion of heart muscle. It can also be a substance whose detection indicates a particular disease state, for example, the presence of an antibody may indicate an infection.
Ideal Marker for diagnosis It should have great sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in reflecting total disease burden. A tumor marker should also be prognostic of outcome and treatment. A biomarker is a parameter that can be used to measure the progress of disease or the effects of treatment. The parameter can be chemical, physical or biological. In molecular terms biomarker is "the subset of markers that might be discovered using genomics, proteomics technologies or imaging technologies. Biomarkers play major roles in medicinal biology. Biomarkers help in early diagnosis, disease prevention, drug target identification, drug response etc. Several biomarkers have been identified for many diseases such as serum LDL for cholesterol, blood pressure, and P53 gene and MMPs as tumor markers for cancer. Biomarkers can be specific cells, molecules, or genes, gene products, enzymes, or hormones. Complex organ functions or general characteristic changes in biological structures can also serve as biomarkers. Although the term biomarker is relatively new, biomarkers have been used in pre-clinical research and clinical diagnosis for a considerable time.
For example, body temperature is a well-known biomarker for fever. Blood pressure is used to determine the risk of stroke. It is also widely known that cholesterol values are a biomarker and risk indicator for coronary and vascular disease, and that C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker for inflammation. Biomarkers can be classified based on different parameters. They can be classified based on their characteristics such as imaging biomarkers (CT, PET, MRI) or molecular biomarkers.
Molecular biomarkers can be used to refer to non-imaging biomarkers that have biophysical properties, which allow their measurements in biological samples (e.g., plasma, serum, cerebrospinal fluid, bronchoalveolar lavage, biopsy) and include nucleic acids-based biomarkers such as gene mutations or polymorphisms and quantitative gene expression analysis, peptides, proteins, lipids metabolites, and other small molecules. Biomarkers can also be classified based on their application such as diagnostic biomarkers (i.e., cardiac troponin for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction), staging of disease biomarkers (i.e., brain natriuretic peptide for congestive heart failure), disease prognosis biomarkers (cancer biomarkers), and biomarkers for monitoring the clinical response to an intervention (HbAlc for antidiabetic treatment). Another category of biomarkers includes those used in decision making in early drug development. For instance, pharmacodynamic (PD) biomarkers are markers of a certain pharmacological response, which are of special interest in dose optimization studies.
So many symposiums have been conducted and are to be organized all across the globe focusing on the various aspects of Biomarkers. Symposium on Methods for Evaluating Medical Tests & Biomarkers will be conducted to respond to the challenge of making the vast amounts of evidence generated through research useful for informing decisions about health.
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Biomarkers in medicine Associations:
• The International Society of Oncology and Biomarkers (ISOBM)
• Biomarkers and Genomic Medicine (BGM)
• FNIH Osteoarthritis Biomarkers Consortium
• Genomic Medicine and Biomarker Society
• American Society for Nutrition
• Biomarkers - The ALS Association
• Biomarkers Consortium
• Pacific Biomarkers
• Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH)
• Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI)
Biomarkers in medicine Companies:
• Myriad RBM, Inc.
• ImmunoSite Technologies, LLC
• Capralogics Inc.
• Maine Biotechnology Services
• Shimadzu
• Comprehensive Biomarker Center (CBC)
• Stemina Biomarker Discovery
• Virtue Insight Ltd
• Synelvia
• Fluofarma
Conferences related to Biomarkers in medicine:
• Biology and Treatment of Metastatic Cancers
• 2nd Annual Congress of the European Society for Translational Medicine Global Network Conference
• 8th Oncology Biomarkers
• 4th Neurological Biomarkers
• 4th Inflammatory / Immunological Biomarkers
• 14th International Conference of the Functional Food Center
• Mental and Neurological Disorders Bio-markers, Bioactive Compounds and Functional Foods.
• Circulating Biomarkers 2014
• Commercialization of Molecular Diagnostics
• Digital PCR Technologies and Tools for Precision Diagnostics
• 4th Munich Biomarker Conference
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This page was last updated on November 5, 2024
