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In oncology, the Warburg effect is the observation that most cancer cells predominantly produce energy by a high rate of glycolysis followed by lactic acid fermentation in the cytosol, rather than by a comparatively low rate of glycolysis followed by oxidation of pyruvate in mitochondria as in most normal cells. The latter process is aerobic (uses oxygen). Malignant, rapidly growing tumor cells typically have glycolytic rates up to 200 times higher than those of their normal tissues of origin; this occurs even if oxygen is plentiful. Otto Warburg postulated this change in metabolism is the fundamental cause of cancer, a claim now known as the Warburg hypothesis. Today, mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are known to be responsible for malignant transformation, and the Warburg effect is considered to be a result of these mutations rather than a cause. The Warburg effect has important medical applications as high aerobic glycolysis by malignant tumors is used clinically to diagnose and monitor treatment responses of cancers by imaging uptake of 2-18F-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) (a radioactive modified hexokinase substrate) with positron emission tomography (PET).
OMICS International through its open access initiative hosts over highly valued 500 leading-edge peer reviewed Open Access Journals and organizes over 300 International Conferences annually all over the world. OMICS International Journals have around 50,000 Editorial and reviewers ensures the quality and fast editorial, review processing with time of publishing in just 21 days from the day of submission of manuscript. We have high accessibility across the scientific community with readership of more than 5 million. OMICS International signed an agreement with more than 1000 International Societies to make healthcare information Open Access. OMICS International brings in concert the work of leading minds in scientific organization all across the world to serve the civilization by making it possible for global allocation of knowledge through its Open Access Journals and Scientific Events. OMICS International conferences are the best venues for organizing our Medical Conferences, Engineering Conferences, Healthcare Conferences, Diabetes Conferences and many more
Relevant Conferences:
• 6thWorld Congress on Cancer Therapy, September 28-30, 2015 Atlanta, USA
• 7th Dubai Global Summit on Cancer Therapy, October 5-7, 2015 Dubai, UAE
• 8th Euro Global Summit on Cancer Therapy, November 3-5, 2015 Valencia, Spain
• 9th Indo-Global Summit on Cancer Therapy, Nov 16-18, 2015 Hyderabad, India
• World Congress on Breast Cancer, August 03-05, 2015 Birmingham, UK
Relevant Associations:
• American Cancer Society
• Breast Cancer Association Consortium (BCAC)
• American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
• Prostate Cancer Foundation (PCF)
• Indo-American Cancer Association (IACA)
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This page was last updated on December 23, 2024
